{"id":18712,"date":"2020-03-30T21:15:02","date_gmt":"2020-03-30T20:15:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/?p=18712"},"modified":"2020-03-30T21:16:00","modified_gmt":"2020-03-30T20:16:00","slug":"virove-lekce-zacatecnici-xii-az-stredne-pokrocili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/?p=18712","title":{"rendered":"Virov\u00e9 lekce – za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edci XII (a\u017e st\u0159edn\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00ed)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

P\u011b\u0161cov\u00e9 koncovky – d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 principy<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch pozic, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zn\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

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Tady je jedna v\u00fdjimka z pozic, kter\u00e9 jsme m\u011bli minule. V\u00edme u\u017e, \u017ee tady \u010dern\u00e9ho nezachr\u00e1n\u00ed ani opozice, p\u011b\u0161ec p\u016fjde na sedmou \u0159adu bez \u0161achu. Kdyby byl p\u011b\u0161ec na sloupc\u00edch c a\u017e f, vyhr\u00e1val by tah kr\u00e1lem na kteroukoliv stranu. Tady je ale spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 jen j\u00edt na kraj!\u00a01. Ka6! Ka8 2. b6 Kb8 3. b7 Kc7 4. Ka7 +-.<\/strong> P\u0159i opa\u010dn\u00e9m postupu se toti\u017e \u010dern\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee v kout\u011b zachr\u00e1nit patem: 1. Kc6?! Ka7! 2. b6+?? Ka8 a nejde ani 3. Kc7 pat, ani 3. b7+ Kb8 4. Kb6 pat.

(B\u00edl\u00fd se je\u0161t\u011b m\u016f\u017ee opravit po 2. Kc7 Ka8 3. Kb6 \/ne 3. b6?? pat\/\u00a0 Kb8 a jsme v \u00favodn\u00ed pozici, tak\u017ee 4. Ka6! atd.)\u00a0Nebojte se v partii p\u0159iznat chybu a vr\u00e1tit se, je-li to spr\u00e1vn\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Tady je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 v\u011bc: vzd\u00e1len\u00fd voln\u00fd p\u011b\u0161ec<\/strong>. Proto\u017ee p\u011b\u0161ec a4 je d\u00e1l od kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho k\u0159\u00eddla ne\u017e p\u011b\u0161ec c6, b\u00edl\u00fd vyhraje. \u010cern\u00fd toti\u017e mus\u00ed kr\u00e1lem a p\u011b\u0161ce hl\u00eddat, a ne\u017e ho sebere, b\u00edl\u00fd sebere p\u011b\u0161ce c6 a dojde na kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 k\u0159\u00eddlo. I kdyby tady byl \u010dern\u00fd na tahu, nepom\u016f\u017ee si, nap\u0159.\u00a01. … Kc5 2. Kc3 Kb5 3. Kb3 Ka5 4. a4 Ka6 5. Kb4 Kb6 6. Kc4 Ka5\u00a0<\/strong>(6. … c5 7. a5+!)\u00a07. Kc5 Kxa4 8. Kxc6 Kb4 9. Kd6 Kc4 10. Ke6 Kd4 11. Kf6 Ke4 12. Kxg6 +-.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Dal\u0161\u00ed diagram ukazuje v\u00fdznam prostoru a aktivity kr\u00e1le<\/strong>. I kdy\u017e oba hr\u00e1\u010di budou tahat kr\u00e1lem o jedno a zd\u00e1lo by se, \u017ee \u010dern\u00e9mu sta\u010d\u00ed tahat t\u0159eba Kh7-h6-h7-h6, b\u00edl\u00fd ho vytla\u010d\u00ed.\u00a01. Ke6 Kg8\u00a0<\/strong>(jin\u00e9 varianty jsou podobn\u00e9)\u00a02. Kf6 Kh7 3. Kf7 Kh6 4. Kg8!\u00a0<\/strong>a \u010dern\u00e9mu do\u0161ly rozumn\u00e9 tahy, je v nev\u00fdhod\u011b tahu (tzv. zugzwangu).\u00a04. … g5 5. hxg5 +-<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Velmi siln\u00fd je tzv.\u00a0kryt\u00fd voln\u00fd p\u011b\u0161ec<\/strong>. Zde je to pg5. Ten toti\u017e a\u017e do konce partie v\u00e1\u017ee soupe\u0159ova kr\u00e1le, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt nejd\u00e1l na d5, aby byl je\u0161t\u011b ve \u010dtverci, b\u00edl\u00fd m\u00e1 dost \u010dasu doj\u00edt kr\u00e1lem na d\u00e1msk\u00e9 k\u0159\u00eddlo, nap\u0159. i kdyby byl \u010dern\u00fd na tahu, p\u0159ijde\u00a01. … Kf5 2. Kg2 Ke5 3. Kf3 Kf5 4. Ke3 Ke5 5. Kd3 Kd5 6. Kc3\u00a0<\/strong>a sm\u016fla, \u010dern\u00fd se neudr\u017e\u00ed:\u00a06. … Ke5 7. Kc4 Kd6 8. Kd4 Ke6 9. Kc5\u00a0<\/strong>atd.<\/p>\n

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Dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pojem jsou spojen\u00ed voln\u00ed p\u011b\u0161ci. Ti se navz\u00e1jem kryj\u00ed. Zde b\u00edl\u00fd vyhraje jak po\u00a01. g5,<\/strong> tak i po\u00a01. h5<\/strong> – \u010dern\u00fd kr\u00e1l nesm\u00ed br\u00e1t p\u011b\u0161ce, kter\u00fd z\u016fstane vzadu nekryt\u00fd, proto\u017ee by mu druh\u00fd utekl. B\u00edl\u00fd m\u00e1 pak zase dost \u010dasu j\u00edt na druh\u00e9 k\u0159\u00eddlo kr\u00e1lem, nap\u0159.\u00a01. h5 Kg5 2. Kg2 Kh6 3. Kf3 Kg5 4. Ke4 Kh6 5. Kd4\u00a0<\/strong>atd. (B\u00edl\u00fd taky m\u016f\u017ee kr\u00e1lem podpo\u0159it ty spojen\u00e9 vol\u0148\u00e1ky, ale to m\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b jist\u00e1 \u00faskal\u00ed – o tom jindy.)<\/p>\n

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Tohle nejsou spojen\u00ed voln\u00ed p\u011b\u0161ci, vypadaj\u00ed zraniteln\u011b, ale kdy\u017e se to hraje \u0161ikovn\u011b, i tito p\u011b\u0161ci vzd\u00e1len\u00ed o sloupec se navz\u00e1jem jist\u00ed<\/strong>. Kdyby byl \u010dern\u00fd na tahu a zahr\u00e1l 1. … Kh5?<\/strong>, d\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00fd 2. f5!<\/strong> a nelze Kxh4?? 3. f6. \u010cern\u00fd by hr\u00e1l 2. … Kh6 3. Kb2 Kg7\u00a0<\/strong>a pozor, 4. h5! Kf6? 5. h6!<\/strong> atd. (Zrcadlov\u00e1 je varianta 1. … Kf5? 2. h5! atd.)

\u010cern\u00fd to ov\u0161em m\u016f\u017ee hr\u00e1t rafinovan\u011bji:\u00a01. … Kg7!\u00a0<\/strong>a te\u010f b\u00edl\u00fd nesm\u00ed tahat p\u011b\u0161ci, nebo o n\u011b p\u0159ijde: 2. h5?? Kh6! nebo 2. f5?? Kf6! Ale b\u00edl\u00ed p\u011b\u0161ci prost\u011b z\u016fstanou st\u00e1t a na pochod se d\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00fd kr\u00e1l – vybrat \u010dern\u00e9 p\u011b\u0161ce nebo i podpo\u0159it svoje p\u011b\u0161ce na kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9m k\u0159\u00eddle. Nap\u0159.\u00a02. Kb2 Kg6 3. Kc3 Kg7 4. Kd4 Kg6 5. Kc5\u00a0<\/strong>atd.<\/p>\n

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A kone\u010dn\u011b vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed voln\u00ed p\u011b\u0161ci p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed s\u00edlu, nejen\u017ee se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b jist\u00ed, ale kdy\u017e jsou dostate\u010dn\u011b postoupl\u00ed, nezadr\u017eiteln\u011b \u0161lapou do d\u00e1my – jeden kr\u00e1l dva zaj\u00edce nechyt\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tady ani \u010dern\u00fd na tahu nezabr\u00e1n\u00ed prom\u011bn\u011b p\u011b\u0161c\u016f, i kdy\u017e jim b\u00edl\u00fd kr\u00e1l nem\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ij\u00edt na pomoc: nap\u0159.\u00a01. … b5 2. e6! Kf6 3. h6 Kg6 4. e7 Kf7 5. h7+-<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u011b\u0161cov\u00e9 koncovky – d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 principy N\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch pozic, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zn\u00e1t. Tady je jedna v\u00fdjimka z pozic, kter\u00e9 jsme m\u011bli minule. V\u00edme u\u017e, \u017ee tady \u010dern\u00e9ho nezachr\u00e1n\u00ed ani opozice, p\u011b\u0161ec p\u016fjde na sedmou \u0159adu bez \u0161achu. Kdyby byl p\u011b\u0161ec na sloupc\u00edch c a\u017e f, vyhr\u00e1val by tah kr\u00e1lem na kteroukoliv stranu. Tady je ale […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[7,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mladez","category-trenink"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18712","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18712"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18712\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18721,"href":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18712\/revisions\/18721"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18712"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18712"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sachyuo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18712"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}